ACLU Sues Trump Over Census: “A Naked Act of Intentional Discrimination”

This is the sixth major lawsuit challenging a controversial question about US citizenship on the 2020 census.

A 2018 census letter mailed to a resident in Providence, R.I., as part of the nation's test run for the 2020 census.Michelle R. Smith/AP

Fight disinformation: Sign up for the free Mother Jones Daily newsletter and follow the news that matters.

The American Civil Liberties Union sued the Trump administration on Wednesday over its decision to add a controversial question about US citizenship to the 2020 census. The ACLU suit is the sixth one challenging the citizenship question, which is likely to depress the response rate among immigrants and reduce the political power of the cities and states where large numbers of them live.*

“The addition of the citizenship question is a naked act of intentional discrimination directed at immigrant communities of color that is intended to punish their presence, avoid their recognition, stunt their growing political power, and deprive them and the communities in which they live of economic benefits,” states the lawsuit, which was filed with the New York Civil Liberties Union on behalf of immigrants’ rights groups.

The ACLU contends that the new question violates the Census Bureau’s constitutional mandate to count every person in America accurately, regardless of citizenship. The census determines how $675 billion in federal funding is allocated to states and localities, how many congressional seats and electoral votes states receive, and how voting districts are drawn. If many immigrants don’t respond to the census because they fear that reporting themselves as noncitizens could cause them to be deported, that would shift economic and political power to whiter and more Republican areas.

The 2010 census failed to count 1.5 million people of color while overcounting white Americans. That discrepancy could get much worse under Trump, whose administration has targeted immigrant communities and denied critical resources to the Census Bureau.

The Commerce Department, which oversees the Census Bureau, approved the citizenship question in March despite opposition from six former Census Bureau directors, who told Commerce Secretary Wilbur Ross that “an untested question on citizenship status at this late point in the decennial planning process would put the accuracy of the enumeration and success of the census in all communities at grave risk.” 

The Commerce Department said the question was needed to better enforce the Voting Rights Act. But in testimony last month on Capitol Hill, Justice Department Acting Assistant Attorney General for Civil Rights John Gore, who pushed for the question, admitted that the Trump Justice Department hadn’t filed a single lawsuit to enforce the VRA and couldn’t name a case where not having the citizenship question on the census hurt the department’s efforts to enforce the civil rights law.

The ACLU lawsuit follows five similar suits: one from the state of California, one from New York and 16 other states, and one each from the city of San Jose, a Democratic redistricting group led by former Attorney General Eric Holder, and the Mexican-American Legal Defense and Educational Fund.

Correction: An earlier version of this article misstated the number of earlier lawsuits filed over the citizenship question.

DONALD TRUMP & DEMOCRACY

Mother Jones was founded to do journalism differently. We stand for justice and democracy. We reject false equivalence. We go after stories others don’t. We’re a nonprofit newsroom, because the kind of truth-telling investigations we do doesn’t happen under corporate ownership.

And we need your support like never before, to fight back against the existential threats American democracy faces. Fundraising for nonprofit media is always a challenge, and we need all hands on deck right now. We have no cushion; we leave it all on the field.

It’s reader support that enables Mother Jones to report the facts that are too difficult, expensive, or inconvenient for other news outlets to uncover. Please help with a donation today if you can—even a few bucks will make a real difference. A monthly gift would be incredible.

payment methods

DONALD TRUMP & DEMOCRACY

Mother Jones was founded to do journalism differently. We stand for justice and democracy. We reject false equivalence. We go after stories others don’t. We’re a nonprofit newsroom, because the kind of truth-telling investigations we do doesn’t happen under corporate ownership.

And we need your support like never before, to fight back against the existential threats American democracy faces. Fundraising for nonprofit media is always a challenge, and we need all hands on deck right now. We have no cushion; we leave it all on the field.

It’s reader support that enables Mother Jones to report the facts that are too difficult, expensive, or inconvenient for other news outlets to uncover. Please help with a donation today if you can—even a few bucks will make a real difference. A monthly gift would be incredible.

payment methods

We Recommend

Latest

Sign up for our free newsletter

Subscribe to the Mother Jones Daily to have our top stories delivered directly to your inbox.

Get our award-winning magazine

Save big on a full year of investigations, ideas, and insights.

Subscribe

Support our journalism

Help Mother Jones' reporters dig deep with a tax-deductible donation.

Donate