Black and White and Dead All Over

Stop the presses! Will journalism take democracy down with it?

—Illustration: Tim Bower

See sources next page.

43% of Americans say it would hurt civic life "a lot" if their local newspaper closed. Yet when asked if they'd miss their paper, 42% say "not much" or "not at all."

About 80% of news is originally reported by newspapers, according to former Los Angeles Times editor John Carroll.

In 2006, 62% of all reporters worked for newspapers.

Nearly 1 in 5 newspaper journalists has lost his or her job since 2001.

In the first 5 months of 2009, 100 newspapers shut down and more than 9,000 newspaper jobs were lost.

In April, Lou Carlozo, who wrote the Chicago Tribune's "Recession Diaries" blog, was laid off—and not allowed to post about it.

That same month, St. Louis' Suburban Journals canned Todd Smith, a reporter who was shot last year when a gunman stormed a city council meeting he was covering.

Earlier this year, Phoenix's East Valley Tribune won a Pulitzer Prize for an investigative story written by a reporter who'd been let go 6 months earlier.

Even 4 years ago, 37 of the 100 largest daily papers had no full-time investigative reporters.


story continues below story continued from above

Since 1985, the number of newspapers with Washington bureaus has dropped by more than 50%.

72% fewer newspapers and wire services cover Congress today than in the mid-1980s.

1/3 fewer newspaper reporters are dedicated to covering state capitols today than in 2003.

The News Hole

News as % of website content

Old-media websites

89%

Citizen journalism websites

56%

Blogs

27%


Source: Pew Project for Excellence in Journalism. ("Content" excludes advertising.)

Nearly 2/3 of newspaper executives say they've cut foreign coverage in the past 3 years.

In May 2007, Pasadena Now announced it would outsource 2 local reporting jobs to India.

Fictional comic-strip reporter Brenda Starr was furloughed this spring. She's now working for an Indian paper.

Michael Precker left his job as a reporter and editor at the Dallas Morning News to manage a topless club because "it got to be more ridiculous to hang on at a newspaper."

In April, blogger Jonathan Mann created a video called "Saving Newspapers: The Musical!" Proposed solution: "Boobs on the front page!"

A 2007 survey found that the most knowledgeable media consumers were regular Jon Stewart and Stephen Colbert watchers—tied with readers of newspaper websites.

The Internet displaced newspapers as Americans' No. 2 source of news in 2008. TV is still No. 1.

By one estimate, an entirely Web-based New York Times could generate only enough money to support about 20% of the paper's current staff.

Creating an endowment to finance the Times would cost an estimated $5 billion.

Last year, as Times stock fell 58%, CEO Janet Robinson's compensation went up $1.4 million, to $5.6 million.

In June 2007, the Times moved to a new, $1.5 billion building. It's since made money by selling its offices and leasing them back.

In August 2007, a Times op-ed called Mexican businessman Carlos Slim Helú a "robber baron." This January, the paper took a $250 million loan from Slim at 14% interest.

The editor of the New York Times Magazine says a typical cover story costs more than $40,000 to produce—and that excludes editing, art, and fact-checking.

That's more than Mother Jones' story budget for freelance writers for an entire issue.

Looks Bad on Paper

Annual % change for US papers

Looks Bad on Paper

Sources: Newspaper Association of America; Nielsen Online

Last February, Gannett, which owns USA Today, wrote down $7.4 billion in "goodwill"—a measure of its brand value.

The American Society of Newspaper Editors recently took "paper" out of its name. Its president explained, "We are all way beyond ink on paper."

France has offered its newspaper industry a bailout package worth $800 million, including free subscriptions for 18-year-olds.

A similar bailout for US papers would cost at least $12 billion.

Asked in May if he'd invest in newspapers, Warren Buffett said he "would not buy them at any price." His business partner added, "It's really a national tragedy...They kept government more honest than they would otherwise be."

A recent study of government accountability around the world found a strong link between high levels of newspaper readership and lower levels of corruption.

An economist found that after the Cincinnati Post closed in 2007, fewer people in the area voted, fewer candidates ran for office, and incumbents were more likely to be reelected.

Before the 2006 elections, 30-minute local TV newscasts spent less than 2 minutes on election coverage. They spent 7 minutes on sports and weather.

Between 2007 and 2008, Iraq coverage dropped 95% on cable news, 91% on network news, and 65% in papers.

In March, the Newspaper Project launched a series of ads touting papers as "America's first portable information device."

Blog Bites Man

Meet the new media elite predicting the end of everything—but their pet projects.

PROGNOSTICATOR

QUOTE

HAS SEEN THE FUTURE, AND IT IS...


Arianna Huffington

"The future of journalism is not dependent on the future of newspapers."

Unpaid celebrity bloggers—like those on her site!

Jay Rosen

"Bloggers vs. journalists is over."

Citizen journalism sites—like his!

Steven Johnson

"There is going to be more content, not less."

Hyperlocal news sites—like his!

Clay Shirky

"Even the revolutionaries can't predict what will happen."

Candid, confounded pundits—like him!

Jeff Jarvis

"Print is where words go to die."

Ignoring print—but not his What Would Google Do?

 

New York Times publisher Arthur O. Sulzberger Jr. says the "wonderful" new $489 Kindle DX will "enhance our ability to reach millions of readers."

Forrester Research predicts that just 4.5% of consumers will own e-readers like the Kindle by 2012.

In November 2007, Rupert Murdoch decided to make the Wall Street Journal website free. This April, he declared, "People reading news for free on the Web, that's got to change."

San Francisco Chronicle editor Phil Bronstein has suggested that people who don't pay for news should be jailed.

In January, Google ended a venture to sell ads in papers. A month later, it lifted a ban on ads on Google News—whose content comes largely from papers.

Google CEO Eric Schmidt has said that except for reported news, the Internet is a "cesspool" of misinformation.

The top 10% of bloggers earnan average of $19,000 a year. For all bloggers, the median is $200 for men, $100 for women.

The median starting salary for journalism majors is $35,600. For econ majors, it's $50,100.

In May, the Huffington Post auctioned off an internship for charity. Its actual value was listed as $500. As this went to press, the top bid was $13,000.

36% of Americans say the press has "hurt democracy."

Earlier this year, while working as a correspondent for Pajamas Media, Joe "the Plumber" Wurzelbacher declared, "I think media should be abolished from, you know, reporting."

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Comments
no profile pic for comment author

They don't listen!

I have asked, over and over again, for a PDF version of my local newspapers. I have indicated that I would prefer this and would pay for the content, if it were made available. I have never received a response to this suggestion.

There are people willing to pay for content. It is not made available in formats that people want. RSS is fine, but it doesn't give the same feel of reading a newspaper. I would rather not sacrifice so many trees, but it's my only option.

no profile pic for comment author

News Papers Probaly Will Die

If they would told the truth all the time, they would have an audiuence. People are looking for the truth. When you have people who manipulate stories after a while it gets old. Why read a source which is always a shade of gray.

no profile pic for comment author

Anonymous, Are you

Anonymous, Are you suggesting that bloggers do not distort the truth?

This is a matter of economics, not quality (rather, it is a matter of economics affecting quality).

Newspaper websites bring in as much, or more, revenue as any other type. Unfortunately, the costs of newsgathering are much higher than the costs of aggregating and bloviating.

If you like, however, just go on thinking that the Invisible Hand of the Free Market will always reward the virtuous and slay the wicked. Your Masters will be mighty proud.

FreeDem

Everyone is held to a higher standard of fact.

Unfortunately those with pretty much one way media (newspapers, TV & Radio) don't get the feedback and so don't get a clue. If you have a blog with comments and you state something foolish, you will very quickly have comments pointing that out, often in great detail. If the comments are ill founded then they will have comments. So yes Bloggers are held to a higher standard than Newspapers.

What bloggers don't have is the money to dig out insider sources. On the other hand what they do have is insider sources digging themselves out. Newspapers have an overarching position of agency to those with the money to pull their strings, Bloggers have only the need to tell their story. That makes Bloggers dangerous.

Newspapers and their electronic top down partners long ago abandoned their proclaimed agency to readers, for maximum profits at any cost. Now with knowledge in a three way conversation that jig is up and the crocodile tears will only last till they manage to put a fence around the Internet.

If news is only what those in power don't want you to know, there has been decreasing amounts of it for many years until the Internet exploded and changed that. If they wall off the Internet "News"Papers will be back in some form. They never were great for such actual news but were mandatory for publicity, and that unfortunately we will never be short of.

no profile pic for comment author

I can't speak for the first

I can't speak for the first anonymous. But frankly if someone were to charge me and I found out they deliberately lied to me, I'd expect at least to get my money back. If print journalism were willing to put their money where there mouth was, I'd obviously be willing to pay a premium. But instead we see shenanigans like the media hiding behind "we keep our sources private" EVEN in situations where they find out the sources LIED to the newspaper. Obviously the newspaper in question just wants to see papers to gullible fools, and doesn't care about the truth. If you cared about the truth, you'd hang out to dry any source that LIED to you.

I don't see newspapers express the right level of disgust towards each other that they should. Which means they feel like a different class than me, which skeptical me, makes me think they care more about their advertisers and the old people that will keep their subscriptions until the bitter end.

Do I think bloggers are better? No. In fact I don't even like the blogging medium because readers will filter and select to only hear what they want to hear. What we need is healthy debate grounded in respect for the truth.

So we have a problem if the only investigative journalism is funded by advertising, because then the only truth that is investigated will be what the advertisers want us to hear. The big public relations nightmare the newspapers have if that the public (rightly) perceives that the newspapers are standing between the public and the truth, and the advertising based newspapers preach themselves as the spotless sole truth, but too few are dumb enough to fall for that, so the newspapers lose subscribers every day.

I don't want to PAY to be lied to. And I don't want a social medium to be used to ignore the pressing issues of the day, which is that we need change. More than we are currently getting. We need change that makes it so that we stop rewarding behaviors that are destroying us all. And these changes will end up changing so much that they will be "radical".

no profile pic for comment author

$40,000+ for a story?!

Thank you for posting this story; it's a very interesting look at the future of journalism that goes beyond the usual "print is dead" arguments. The one number that really struck me is that the NYT spends $40,000+ on each cover story for their weekly magazine. No wonder they had to mortgage their building--imagine how fiscally irresponsible they are with other aspects of the paper?
One web experiment out there that I heard about through an AP story that is produced on MUCH, MUCH less (but is even more engaging than the NYT) is FLYP--http://www.flypmedia.com. Check it out--if print is dead, it's because they throw money at stories instead of working on them. FLYP just might be the answer...

no profile pic for comment author

So what's the point here?

So what's the point here? Is Mr. Gilson saying that absent printed media, all we'll have are blog posts like the disjointed list of "facts" he presents above?

Here are the facts as I see them. Chronological order is very important here; advertisers fled newspapers for new media long before readers left. And why not? Newspaper advertising was never a bargain, publishers routinely inflated circulation figures, and most importantly, it just didn't work that well. Internet advertising on the other hand, is better targeted, offers feedback, and costs much less.

It was only after advertisers pulled out, and publishers gutted their newsrooms to cut costs, that readers left for the internet. If newspapers can provide value to their advertisers and to their readers, they will survive. If not, good riddance.

no profile pic for comment author

Proliferation of paper

One week's Sunday NYT takes 75,000 trees in paper.
http://rainforestmaker.org/home/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&i...
Years ago I remember seeing that it took x amount of acres of rainforest to produce one Sunday edition and this has haunted me ever since. It's past time for a new model of how we get our news; it's time to figure out how to sustain good investigative reporting without depending on paper.

no profile pic for comment author

Black and White and Dead all Over

It was simply, and is simply, a take-over. Values have changed. Speed has changed things. People here are getting lazier. They are letting the take-over happen. People more interested in money, people who HAVE more money, are buying the papers out, systematically across the country. The answer -- community owned newspapers.

no profile pic for comment author

The canary in the cave of

The canary in the cave of democracy is choking from lack of air. Never fear he / she has been replaced with an immortal vulture in disguise. You'll not be able to notice the change or put your finger on who made the switch until till much later.

American are suckers. Tell them they've got Republicans and Democrats to choose from and they think they have the key to benefiting themselves. They'll fight and die for the right of Republicans and Democrats to sodomize them over and over in the political process with the hope that maybe one will emerge, Republican or Democrat, who will make things better. The nice thing is that the Republicans and Democrats let you criticize them openly. This is a free country.

Both of them operate from the same principles. However don't try criticizing the masters of the Republican and Democrat parties. The masters did Eliot Spitzer in. (thats what I got from todays article on the SC) What chance do you have? So will it be anal or oral is what you should really ask yourself when you vote for a Republican or Democrat. This is symbolically accurate because the rules they work by cannot benefit the average person to the extent that a government of the people would.

Good article. It's time for people to vote out of office those who presided over what is now our present economic condition and bleak future.

no profile pic for comment author

Newspapers

I respect the value of trained and attributable reporters (versus junk blog crap). I requested and offered to pay for an on-line version of the NY Times. A return email from the Times suggested donating money to a 'fund' supporting journalism studies.

I day make the leap and acknowledge the paperless media.

no profile pic for comment author

Is anybody else here worried?

Because,I'm sure as Hell worried!We can't rely, upon bloggers and the corporate news channels, alone, to tell us what's going on out in the wider world;which also includes our own backyards.
That's why the print media, the unsexy "traditional"media, must be saved from extinction.Because,if we don't know what's going on, in our own communities,than how can we make informed judgements, about the rest of the world?

no profile pic for comment author

Social Enterprise as a business model for news

News gathering is time consuming and it takes skills and intelligence. News room staff have been cut to the bone to maximize profits. The mission-based nature of news must be acknowledged. That is why I have been writing for the Huffington Post Chicago about the Future of News and specifically L3Cs, an LLC business hybrid, as a potential business model for new news gathering. You can link to my Future of Journalism articles at my blog http://www.sallyduros.com. or follow my twitter stream @saduros. Lots of journalists and business people are working toward launching a golden age of journalism and newspapers will be part of it.

no profile pic for comment author

Social Enterprise as a business model for news

News gathering is time consuming and it takes skills and intelligence. News room staff have been cut to the bone to maximize profits. The mission-based nature of news must be acknowledged. That is why I have been writing for the Huffington Post Chicago about the Future of News and specifically L3Cs, an LLC business hybrid, as a potential business model for new news gathering. You can link to my Future of Journalism articles at my blog http://www.sallyduros.com. or follow my twitter stream @saduros. Lots of journalists and business people are working toward launching a golden age of journalism and newspapers will be part of it.

no profile pic for comment author

Blogging is a passion that

Blogging is a passion that have rules to follow. Bloggers are trying their very knowledge to give an accurate informaation. It comes from a blog, called Voices Revealed, about themanwhospokewithhismind – and who is that? It's Phillip Garrido, a convicted sex offender and the abductor and likely rapist of Jaycee Lee Dugard, a vile wasteland of human scum who should probably be beaten severely and given a one way ticket to the whacko basket. He claims to have been given a device from God who taught Phillip how to speak with his mind, and he distributed the literature on the campus of University of California, Berkeley – one of the greatest centers of scientific learning in the U.S. - Phillip Garrido

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